1. Into a 5x5 grid, place the numbers 1 to 5 once in each row, column, and main diagonal, creating a Latin Square (with additional diagonal restrictions.) Disregarding rotations, reflections and substitutions, how many unique solutions are there? Let the top row be "1 2 3 4 5".
2. Add to the above grid the letters A to E once in each row, column and main diagonal. Also, all grid entries are unique, creating an Euler Square (with additional diagonal restrictions). How many solutions are there? Let the top row be "1A 2B 3C 4D 5E".
Extension: Repeat for 3x3, 4x4, 6x6, and 7x7.
Extension 2: How many Euler Squares are there of each size, without the diagonal
restriction? (I couldn't find a good list, so perhaps someone else knows
of a site that displays them?)